Acronis True Image 2019: files and folders are not excluded from backup if there are issues with file system on the backup source

Symptoms:

If there are issues with the file system on the backup source, exclusions configured in backup options may not take effect. Files and folders are not excluded from the backup.

Cause:

Issues with file system prevent Acronis and any other software from reading and processing files and folders properly.

Solution

Check if Windows reported issues with file system and then run a command to correct them.